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(Literally-a tablet) A flat slab forming the top of a capital.
The meeting of an arch or vault with its solid lateral
support, or the support itself.
Formalised leaf ornament with thick vein and frilled edge, e.
g. on a Corinthian capital.
In heraldry, a complete display of armorial bearings of arms.
See hatchment also.
(Literally- a peak) Plinth for a statue or ornament placed at
the apex or ends of a pediment: also loosely and more usually,
both the plinths and what stands on them.
A description of two figures placed symmetrically back to back.
Description of two figures placed symmetrically face to face.
(Literally ‘A wing’) Subsidiary space alongside the nave, choir or transept of a church, separated from it by columns or piers.
Elevated slab consecrated for the celebration of the Eucharist Sometimes in a form called a communion Table.
See retable.
(Literally -walkway) An aisle round the sanctuary,
sometimes surrounding an apse and therefore semi circular or
Polygonal in plan.
See Putto.
(Literally a ring) Shaft - ring. See shaft.
A raised panel beneath a window or at the base of a wall monument or tablet. Sometimes shaped and decorated.
A series of arches supported by piers or columns.
(Arcading) Applies to the surface of a wall decorated by columns and arches, usually in relief. and in mediaeval churches.
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Masonry of large blocks wrought to even faces and square edges.
Recess or cupboard to hold sacred vessels for the mass.
(Literally a Royal Building) An aisled building with
a clerestory, most often a church. (Also mostly with a multi-domed
roof and can be of immense size.
An ornament found in Carved Norman doorways, shaped like a
grotesque bird or beast with beaks. Usually biting into a roll-moulding.
A bell turret set upon a roof or gable (Sometimes known as a
Bellcote). A chamber or stage in a tower where bells are hung.
Also a bell tower in a general sense.
Small supporting piece of stone, etc, to carry a projecting
horizontal member. It often appears on large monuments in a fancy
decorated form with a compound curved outline and is then known
as a console.
In the context used here this means a plate or piece of brass
plate engraved and used to portray a person or item and fastened
onto a grave slab or wall .Engraved with text or symbolic
portrayal.
A vertical member projecting from a wall to stabilise or
resist the lateral thrust of an arch, roof or vault or building
wall especially a church tower. Can be used in various forms.
A buttress attached to the wall of a building by an arch or
half arch with the aim of spreading and supporting the thrust
load.
(Sometimes Rope Moulding) Originally a Norman
moulding imitating the twisted strands of a rope.
Projecting sounding board over a pulpit or a hood or
projection over an altar, niche statue etc.
The top, head or crowning feature of a column or pilaster.
Very often ornately decorated.
A tablet with an ornate scroll frame. Usually of elliptical
shape and bearing a coat of arms or inscription, often found
above monuments. Many have an indication of a nose and eyes in
the top or bottom of the scrollwork. An example of a cartouche
bearing a coat of arms is at the top of the wall monument to Alice, Lady Brownlowe
at Belton
A hard and brittle Iron (eg Pipe Iron Grade B.) cast in a
mould to a required shape. Used in this context for casting in
the shape of crosses etc for use as grave
markers.
(Literally -empty tomb.) A funerary monument which is
not a burying place.
(Literally an enclosure) An eastern arm or that part
of the east end of a church set apart for the use of the
officiating clergy. In cathedrals or monastic churches it can
contain the choir.
Medieval chapel endowed for the celebration of masses,
especially for the soul of the founder of the chapel. (The one
who put the money up front!)
Zig-Zag decorative moulding used in Norman churches. (Can also
be Zig-Zag paint work on walls and columns.)
The part of a church where services are sung. In monastic churches this can occupy the crossing and/ or the easternmost bays of the nave.
Uppermost storey of the nave walls of a church pierced by
windows.
A ceramic artificial stone made in Lambeth from 1769 to about
1840 by Eleanor Coade and her associates.
In classical architecture an upright structural member of
round cross section with a shaft, capital and usually a base.
Mostly of stone but can be of wood or cast iron.
A projecting block or bracket of stone or wood supporting
something above it (eg Roof timbers). Usually carved or moulded
often with angels or human heads.
A continuous series of corbel stones or bricks forming a ledge
also supporting something above it. (eg Roof Timbers)
A series of corbels to carry a parapet or wall plate.
Brick or masonry courses built out beyond one another like a
series of corbels to support a chimney stack or window etc.
Underground or half underground room usually below the east
end of a church.
Early mediaeval circular or polygonal corridor crypt
surrounding the apse of a church and often used with chambers for
relics and the pilgrims visiting these.
Historical division of English Gothic architecture covering
the period from 1290 to 1350. The term is derived from the type
of window tracery used during this period
A vault of even curvature most usually erected on a circular
base. The section can be segmental (eg saucer shaped dome) Semi
circular, pointed or bulbous (Onion dome).
Historical division of English Gothic Architecture covering
the period from about 1190 to 1250.
(Literally -on a tomb) Inscription on a tomb or attached plate (eg. -Cartouche)
The arrangement of windows in a building.
Ornamental top to a gable or canopy, often in the form of
crosses on church roofs.
A decorativecarved flower or leaf, often (usually) rectiliniar.
The container/ basin for the water used for baptism.
Triangular upper part of a wall at the end of a ridged roof.
A water spout projecting from the parapet of a wall or tower,
often carved in a human, animal or grotesque shape.
Wooden or metal bars separating and supporting glazed panels..
eg in a Stained Glass Window. Modern material used is Phosphor
Bronze.
The period of mediaeval architecture characterised by the use
of the pointed arch. For its subdivisions see Early English,
Geometric, Decorated, Perpendicular and Flamboyant
Monochrome painting on Glass. Usually black repeated pattern
on small quarries.
A board or canvas Diamond shaped and containing the family
coat of arms of a deceased person. Normally three were made Two
large and one small. Used on the outside of the house and in
church to denote who had died. Quite rare to find modern ones. (Marston, Lincolnshire for example)
A moulding whose outline is in section like the keel of a ship.
Chapel dedicated to The Virgin Mary. (Our Lady)
A single narrow window, often pointed or rounded at the top
A monumental building or chamber usually intended for the
burial of the dead of members one family.
Tip up seats for the resting of the buttocks during long
periods of standing, to ease the pressure on the legs, for
example by Monks in their night time services and especially the
old men. These very often have elaborate carvings of all sorts of
beasts and often The Green Man under the ledge.
A vertical member in between the lights in a window opening.
The main body of the church west of the crossing or chancel.
The seating area of the congregation. May be flanked by aisles.
A tapering pillar of square section at the top and ending
pyramidally.
In classical architecture. particularly above certain church
doors and on large standing wall monuments, a wide but low
triangular structure to decorate the top ‘Gable’ Where
the top section of the triangular gable is missing this is called
a broken Pediment. Where the bottom center section of the
triangular gable is missing this is called an open pediment.
Where the top section of the pediment is missing and the two side
sections remaining are curved and the ‘broken’ pieces
end in a rosette this is known as a Swan Necked Pediment, as in
the Saunderson monument
at Glentworth. Where the top section of the gable has a low
curved part of a circular top. This is known as a segmental
pediment. There are various uses in combinations of pediments on
memorials. ie, a broken and open pediment can be used together.
Historical division of English Gothic architecture covering
the period from c1335-1350 to c1530. The name is derived from the
upright tracery panels then used. See Tracery below.
Large masonry or brick support, usually for an arch or series
of arches.
A small naked boy (Plural Putti). Used very often on
large tombs. For an example see the Saunderson monument at
Glentworth.
(Literally -Squares.)
Painted and/or sculptured screen behind and above an altar.
In England this style of architecture is often called Norman.
It is a style of architecture which was current in the 11th and
12th centuries and preceded the Gothic Style. The name is also
very often used for architecture of the 9th and 10th centuries.
A cross or crucifix placed between the chancel and nave,
usually on the top of the screen which screens the chancel from
the nave. This is known as a rood screen; it is often
decoratively painted or carved or both.
Most sacred part of the chapel, usually round the altar.
Seating for the choir situated in the Chancel. Usually very
decoratively carved and sometimes with tip-up seats with
Misericords.
A decoration often used in the late 16th and the 17th
centuries. It comprises a strap like interlaced band of leather
or a ribbon resembling material interlaced and used to connect
various pieces of Iconography. Items like mattock and spade,
crossed bones, ink bottle and book of life (Closed) crossed
flaming torches (Upside down) etc.
Intersecting rib-work in the upper part of a window or used decoratively on blank arches, on vaults etc.
(Literally -a cross enclosure.) Transverse portion of
a cross shaped church building.
The space between the lintel and archway over a doorway or
opening. Very often elaborately carved, especially in early
churches.
Stone ceiling formed like arches, a rib is a projecting feature of a vault and is sometimes structural but can also be just ornamental.
Also used as a name for a burial chamber, usually under the
floor of the church.
A timber laid longitudinally along the top of a building wall
to receive the ends of the rafters. In a timber framed building
the posts and studs of the wall below are tenoned into it.
Small figures of people or angels etc placed in niches around
the sides of some tomb chests. Also sometimes referred to as
Mourners.
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